Class 11 Biology Chapter 2: Biological Classification - 50 MCQ with Answer Key PDF | NEET 2027

🦠 Chapter 2: Biological Classification Class 11 + NEET

50 Detailed MCQs with Explanation | New NCERT Based

Q1. The father of modern taxonomy is

a) Aristotle b) Carolus Linnaeus c) Whittaker d) Darwin

Explanation: Carolus Linnaeus ne Binomial nomenclature diya. Systema Naturae book likhi. 2 name system - Genus + species.

Q2. Five kingdom classification was given by

a) Linnaeus b) Whittaker c) Copeland d) Aristotle

Explanation: R.H. Whittaker 1969 me. Kingdoms: Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia. Basis: cell structure, nutrition, body organization.

Q3. Assertion: Viruses are not placed in any kingdom. Reason: They are obligate intracellular parasites.

a) Both true, Reason correct explanation b) Both true, Reason not correct explanation c) Assertion true, Reason false d) Both false

Explanation: Dono sahi. Virus living + non-living ke beech. Host ke bahar inert crystal, andar multiply.

Q4. Bacteria which survive in extreme salty conditions

a) Methanogens b) Halophiles c) Thermoacidophiles d) Cyanobacteria

Explanation: Halophiles - high salt. Methanogens - marshy area, methane banate. Thermoacidophiles - hot spring.

Q5. Match: A. Archaebacteria - 1. Methanogens, B. Eubacteria - 2. Cyanobacteria, C. Mycoplasma - 3. Smallest bacteria, D. Actinomycetes - 4. Filamentous

a) A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4 b) A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3 c) A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2 d) A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1

Explanation: Archaebacteria primitive. Eubacteria true bacteria. Mycoplasma cell wall nahi. Actinomycetes se antibiotic milta.

Q6. Cyanobacteria are also called

a) Red algae b) Blue-green algae c) Brown algae d) Green algae

Explanation: BGA me chlorophyll-a + phycocyanin hota. N2 fixation karte. Ex: Anabaena, Nostoc.

Q7. Assertion: Monerans have peptidoglycan in cell wall. Reason: They are prokaryotes.

a) Both true, Reason correct explanation b) Both true, Reason not correct explanation c) Assertion true, Reason false d) Both false

Explanation: Dono sahi. Bacterial cell wall me peptidoglycan + murein hota. Archaebacteria me nahi.

Q8. Protists that have silica shell

a) Dinoflagellates b) Euglenoids c) Diatoms d) Slime molds

Explanation: Diatoms ke frustule silica ke bane. Diatomaceous earth banta. Phytoplankton ka major part.

Q9. Red tide is caused by

a) Euglena b) Gonyaulax c) Amoeba d) Paramecium

Explanation: Gonyaulax dinoflagellate hai. Rapid multiplication se sea red ho jata. Toxins release karta.

Q10. Euglenoids have

a) Cell wall b) Pellicle c) Silica shell d) Calcium carbonate

Explanation: Euglena me protein rich pellicle hota. Mixotrophic nutrition - light me autotroph, dark me heterotroph.

Q11. Plasmodium causing malaria belongs to

a) Dinoflagellates b) Sporozoans c) Ciliates d) Amoeboid

Explanation: Sporozoans me spores bante. All parasites. Life cycle me sporozoite stage hota.

Q12. Paramecium belongs to

a) Amoeboid b) Flagellated c) Ciliated d) Sporozoan

Explanation: Ciliates me cilia se movement. 2 nuclei - macro + micro. Conjugation se sexual reproduction.

Q13. Assertion: Slime molds are fungus-like protists. Reason: They have spore bearing structures.

a) Both true, Reason correct explanation b) Both true, Reason not correct explanation c) Assertion true, Reason false d) Both false

Explanation: Dono sahi. Vegetative stage me amoeboid, unfavorable me fruiting body banate.

Q14. Fungi that form mycorrhiza with plant roots

a) Ascomycetes b) Basidiomycetes c) Phycomycetes d) Deuteromycetes

Explanation: Most fungi form mycorrhiza. Plant ko mineral, fungus ko food milta. Mutualism ka example.

Q15. Penicillin is obtained from

a) Aspergillus b) Penicillium c) Rhizopus d) Agaricus

Explanation: Penicillium notatum se penicillin. Ascomycetes. Alexander Fleming ne discover kiya.

Q16. The fungal body is called

a) Thallus b) Mycelium c) Hyphae d) Sporangium

Explanation: Mycelium = network of hyphae. Septate ya aseptate ho sakta. Coenocytic bhi.

Q17. Yeast belongs to

a) Phycomycetes b) Ascomycetes c) Basidiomycetes d) Deuteromycetes

Explanation: Saccharomyces - unicellular ascomycete. Budding se reproduce. Bread aur beer me use.

Q18. Rust and smut diseases are caused by

a) Ascomycetes b) Basidiomycetes c) Phycomycetes d) Deuteromycetes

Explanation: Basidiomycetes - club fungi. Ex: Puccinia - wheat rust, Ustilago - smut.

Q19. Fungi Imperfecti is another name for

a) Ascomycetes b) Basidiomycetes c) Deuteromycetes d) Phycomycetes

Explanation: Deuteromycetes me sexual stage nahi pata. Ex: Alternaria, Trichoderma.

Q20. Assertion: Lichens are pioneer of succession. Reason: They can grow on bare rocks.

a) Both true, Reason correct explanation b) Both true, Reason not correct explanation c) Assertion true, Reason false d) Both false

Explanation: Dono sahi. Algae + Fungi ka symbiosis. Algae food, fungus shelter deta.

Q21. Viruses have

a) DNA only b) RNA only c) DNA or RNA d) Both DNA and RNA

Explanation: Virus me ya to DNA ya RNA. Bacteriophage me DNA, TMV me RNA.

Q22. TMV stands for

a) Tobacco Mosaic Virus b) Tomato Mosaic Virus c) Tobacco Mutation Virus d) Tomato Mutation Virus

Explanation: RNA virus. Tobacco ke leaves me mosaic pattern banata. Rod shaped.

Q23. Viroids were discovered by

a) Ivanowsky b) T.O. Diener c) Stanley d) Pasteur

Explanation: Diener 1971. Viroids = free RNA, no protein coat. Potato spindle tuber disease.

Q24. Prions are

a) Infectious RNA b) Infectious protein c) Infectious DNA d) Infectious virus

Explanation: Stanley 1982. Protein only. Mad cow disease, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

Q25. Binomial nomenclature means

a) One name b) Two names c) Three names d) Four names

Explanation: Genus + species. Ex: Mangifera indica. Latin me likha jata, italic.

Q26. The taxonomic category between family and species

a) Order b) Genus c) Class d) Phylum

Explanation: Hierarchy: Kingdom-Phylum-Class-Order-Family-Genus-Species.

Q27. Assertion: Two-word name is mandatory in binomial nomenclature. Reason: It avoids confusion.

a) Both true, Reason correct explanation b) Both true, Reason not correct explanation c) Assertion true, Reason false d) Both false

Explanation: Dono sahi. Common name alag jagah alag, scientific name universal.

Q28. Algae that produce algin

a) Red algae b) Brown algae c) Green algae d) Blue-green algae

Explanation: Brown algae - Phaeophyceae. Algin industrial use. Ex: Laminaria, Fucus.

Q29. Agar is obtained from

a) Brown algae b) Red algae c) Green algae d) Blue-green algae

Explanation: Red algae - Rhodophyceae. Gelidium, Gracilaria se agar. Lab me culture medium.

Q30. Chlorophyll-d is present in

a) Green algae b) Brown algae c) Red algae d) Blue-green algae

Explanation: Red algae me r-phycoerythrin + chlorophyll-d. Deep water me grow karte.

Q31. Match Algae: A. Chlamydomonas - 1. Green, B. Laminaria - 2. Brown, C. Polysiphonia - 3. Red, D. Nostoc - 4. BGA

a) A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4 b) A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3 c) A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2 d) A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1

Explanation: 4 types ke algae ke example. Pigment ke basis par classification.

Q32. Bryophytes are called amphibians of plant kingdom because

a) They live in water b) They need water for fertilization c) They are terrestrial d) Both b and c

Explanation: Sperm motile, water chahiye. Body terrestrial par reproduction aquatic.

Q33. The dominant phase in bryophytes

a) Sporophyte b) Gametophyte d) None

Explanation: Gametophyte haploid, independent. Sporophyte dependent on gametophyte.

Q34. Assertion: Ferns are pteridophytes. Reason: They have vascular tissue but no seeds.

a) Both true, Reason correct explanation b) Both true, Reason not correct explanation c) Assertion true, Reason false d) Both false

Explanation: Dono sahi. Seedless vascular plants. Ex: Dryopteris, Selaginella.

Q35. Gymnosperms are characterized by

a) Naked seeds b) Covered seeds c) No seeds d) Flowers

Explanation: Gymnos = naked, sperma = seed. Ex: Pinus, Cycas. Cones me seeds.

Q36. Angiosperms have

a) Naked seeds b) Covered seeds c) No seeds d) Cones

Explanation: Flowering plants. Ovary me seeds. Double fertilization hota.

Q37. The largest virus

a) TMV b) Bacteriophage c) Pox virus d) Poliovirus

Explanation: Pox virus ~300nm. Smallest poliovirus ~20nm.

Q38. Assertion: Bacteria reproduce by binary fission. Reason: They are prokaryotes.

a) Both true, Reason correct explanation b) Both true, Reason not correct explanation c) Assertion true, Reason false d) Both false

Explanation: Dono sahi par Reason sahi explain nahi. Binary fission prokaryotic cell division hai.

Q39. Conjugation is seen in

a) Bacteria b) Fungi c) Algae d) Both a and c

Explanation: Bacteria me DNA transfer. Spirogyra algae me bhi conjugation.

Q40. The causal organism of AIDS

a) HIV b) HPV c) HBV d) HSV

Explanation: Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Retrovirus, RNA virus.

Q41. Match Diseases: A. Cholera - 1. Bacteria, B. Malaria - 2. Protozoa, C. AIDS - 3. Virus, D. Ringworm - 4. Fungi

a) A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4 b) A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3 d) A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1

Explanation: Different pathogens ke examples. NCERT important.

Q42. Assertion: Viruses show characteristics of both living and non-living. Reason: They multiply only in host cell.

a) Both true, Reason correct explanation b) Both true, Reason not correct explanation c) Assertion true, Reason false d) Both false

Explanation: Dono sahi. Host ke bahar crystal, andar living.

Q43. The cell wall of fungi is made of

a) Cellulose b) Chitin c) Peptidoglycan d) Lignin

Explanation: Fungal cell wall me chitin + glucan. Plant me cellulose.

Q44. Heterotrophic nutrition is shown by

a) Algae b) Fungi c) Some bacteria d) Both b and c

Explanation: Fungi saprophytic, parasitic. Some bacteria bhi heterotroph.

Q45. The term 'species' was coined by

a) Linnaeus b) John Ray c) Darwin d) Whittaker

Explanation: John Ray ne species term diya. Linnaeus ne binomial diya.

Q46. Assertion: Protists are connecting link between plants and animals. Reason: They have characters of both.

a) Both true, Reason correct explanation b) Both true, Reason not correct explanation c) Assertion true, Reason false d) Both false

Explanation: Dono sahi. Euglena me chlorophyll bhi aur ingest bhi kar sakta.

Q47. Biologial classification ka main purpose

a) To identify organisms b) To study diversity c) To understand evolution d) All of these

Explanation: Classification se saare organisms ko systematic tarike se study kar pate hain.

Q48. The five kingdom system is based on

a) Cell structure b) Body organization c) Mode of nutrition d) All of these

Explanation: Whittaker ne 3 criteria liye: complexity, nutrition, phylogeny.

Q49. Assertion: Viruses are obligate parasites. Reason: They lack cellular machinery.

a) Both true, Reason correct explanation b) Both true, Reason not correct explanation c) Assertion true, Reason false d) Both false

Explanation: Dono sahi. Isliye host ke bina reproduce nahi kar sakte.

Q50. The branch of biology dealing with classification

a) Morphology b) Taxonomy c) Physiology d) Ecology

Explanation: Taxonomy = identification, nomenclature, classification.

🔑 ANSWER KEY - CLASS 11 CH2

1-b, 2-b, 3-a, 4-b, 5-a, 6-b, 7-a, 8-c, 9-b, 10-b, 11-b, 12-c, 13-a, 14-a, 15-b, 16-b, 17-b, 18-b, 19-c, 20-a, 21-c, 22-a, 23-b, 24-b, 25-b, 26-b, 27-a, 28-b, 29-b, 30-c, 31-a, 32-d, 33-b, 34-a, 35-a, 36-b, 37-c, 38-a, 39-d, 40-a, 41-a, 42-a, 43-b, 44-d, 45-b, 46-a, 47-d, 48-d, 49-a, 50-b